Combine the turmeric, ginger, cumin, black pepper, a pinch of salt, and toasted sesame oil in a bowl; add the chicken and toss to coat evenly.
Let it sit for 5 minutes or up to 24 hours covered in the refrigerator.
Heat ½ tablespoon of vegetable oil in a large Dutch oven over medium-high heat. Add the chicken and sear on both sides until browned, about 2 minutes. Remove the chicken from the pan and set it aside until needed.
Add the remaining ½ tablespoon of vegetable oil to the Dutch oven along with the bell peppers, shallots, and chili flakes. Cook, stirring often, for 3 minutes.
Add the minced garlic and sweet potatoes and cook, stirring constantly, for 1 minute.
Add the coconut milk, making sure to scrape up any browned bits from the bottom of the Dutch oven, along with the fish sauce.
Add the chicken and its juices and stir to combine. Cover with a lid and simmer for 20-25 minutes, or until the chicken is cooked through and the sweet potatoes are tender.
Stir in the cilantro and season with sea salt, if needed.
Serve over rice with fresh basil, cilantro, lots of lime wedges, and crushed peanuts on the side. Enjoy!